News

Whether you're troubleshooting a bubbling bioreactor, prepping an algae lab for class, or just curious how to scale a strain for production — we’re here to help.
Algae Research and Supply now hosts open virtual Office Hours every other Thursday from 1:00 to 3:00 PM Pacific Time.

Who Can Attend?
Office Hours are open to:

Students working on science projects or experiments

Teachers using our kits or looking to integrate algae into their curriculum

Researchers & industry professionals who want to talk shop

We welcome all algae enthusiasts, beginners to advanced.

What You’ll Get
Real-time Q&A with the ARS team

Troubleshooting support

Input on culturing techniques, scaling, strain selection, and experimental design

Live feedback, photos, and screen shares encouraged

When & Where
1st and 3rd Thursdays of the Month.

1:00 PM – 3:00 PM Pacific Time

Hosted on Google Meet

Important: Please Register at Least 24 Hours in Advance
We ask all participants to RSVP at least one day ahead so we can prepare and send the access link.

Click here to register →
Or email us at hello@algaeresearchsupply.com with the subject line "Office Hours RSVP".

Why We’re Doing This
At ARS, our mission is not just to sell algae — it's to support the community of scientists, teachers, and innovators growing with it. Office Hours are one more way we help you succeed with your cultures and your goals.

Let’s talk algae. Register now and bring your questions.

In the transition to sustainable materials, few companies are bridging innovation and scalability as effectively as Noriware, a Swiss-based startup developing biodegradable packaging derived from red algae.

At the core of Noriware’s technology is a biopolymer sourced from red algae, a renewable marine resource known for its versatile polysaccharides. Through a proprietary process, Noriware transforms this biomass into flexible packaging films that naturally degrade in soil and marine environments. These materials break down without releasing microplastics.

Their product is designed to replace conventional single-use plastics used in food wrappers, pouches, and similar disposable applications. What sets Noriware apart is not just the material itself but their commitment to production-scale viability. The company has developed a platform that moves algae-based packaging beyond the lab and into the commercial supply chain.

Noriware focuses on three key areas:

• Compostability in real-world conditions

• Scalable manufacturing methods

• Marine-safe, circular material use

Their success demonstrates that algae, and red algae specifically, can serve as a foundation for next-generation packaging materials. Their work directly addresses global concerns around plastic pollution and aligns with increasing demand for non-petroleum-based alternatives.

At Algae Research and Supply, we view companies like Noriware as critical examples of how algae can transition from experimental to practical, industry-ready tools for solving climate and pollution challenges.

Learn more about their process and mission at:
https://noriware.com/process/

Reef aquariums thrive on balance, and that balance starts at the very base of the food web. “Micro Marine Maintenance” is a curated, live community of miniature(mostly smaller than the eye can see) organisms, designed to reinforce your tank’s foundational trophic layers, providing a self-sustaining suite of microalgae, grazers, and micropredators that support long-term ecosystem health.

What Is Micro Marine Maintenance?

At its core, Micro Marine Maintenance is a dynamic community composed of a combination of organisms from the following three basal marine trophic levels:

Microalgae(Primary Producers)

• Nannochloropsis oculata

• Tetraselmis chuii

• Isochrysis galbana

• Porphyridium cruentum

These phytoplankton species are not only high in essential fatty acids and pigments but also differ in size and motility, increasing the chances of niche compatibility with a range of filter feeders and larval stages. The phytoplankton's rapid growth, fueled by the uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus, and dissolved organic matter, not only provides a consistent food source for the entire food chain, but also aids in nutrient management within the system.

Grazers(Primary Consumers)

• Euplotes sp. (ciliates)

• Brachionus sp. (rotifers)
  These serve as a critical intermediate link between the algae and higher-level consumers. Rotifers and ciliates directly feed on the phytoplankton, detritus, and other particulate organic matter, rapidly multiplying in well-fed systems and serving as a ready food source for both corals and microcrustaceans.

Micropredators(Secondary Consumers)

• Tigriopus sp.

• Tisbe sp.

• Apocyclops sp.
  

These harpacticoid and cyclopoid copepods contribute to nutrient cycling and provide enrichment for fish and invertebrates that graze the rock and substrate. They also prey on smaller plankton(both phyto- and zoo-) and detritus, supporting both top-down control and detritivore function.

Why Introduce a Live Microbial Food Web?

Modern reef tanks tend to focus on larger livestock and corals, often at the expense of the unseen infrastructure that keeps them thriving. Over time, the biodiversity of a reef system can suffer losses and become degraded, in an unfortunate feedback loop that both causes and is caused by nutrient imbalances and low microfaunal diversity, meaning poor resilience of the miniature reef ecosystem as a whole.

By inoculating your system with Micro Marine Maintenance, you:

• Establish a self-perpetuating, multi-tiered food web

• Support the health and development of filter feeders and larval organisms

• Promote biofilm competition that can limit nuisance algae

• Increase grazing pressure on suspended organics and detritus

• Improve the nutritional availability of live food for picky eaters

Application and Care

Micro Marine Maintenance can be dosed directly into display tanks or refugia. For best results, introduce into systems with stable parameters and adequate surface area (such as macroalgae beds, cryptic zones, or coarse substrate) for microcrustacean colonization. Regular low-level phytoplankton dosing(available standalone) can help maintain populations.

This living system will continue to grow and thrive in your tank with minimal effort, quietly working behind the scenes to keep your reef cleaner, healthier, and more ecologically complete. 

In 1961, residents of Capitola, California, woke to a surreal and terrifying sight: seabirds slamming into homes, convulsing, and dying en masse. The event inspired Alfred Hitchcock’s classic film The Birds. Decades later, researchers uncovered the likely cause: domoic acid poisoning triggered by a bloom of toxic algae.

Today, the same phenomenon is reappearing with increasing frequency, most recently in San Diego County, where high levels of domoic acid are affecting marine life, prompting shellfish warnings, and alarming coastal scientists.

At the center of this issue is a group of algae known as diatoms, specifically the genus Pseudo-nitzschia.

What Is Pseudo-nitzschia?

Diatoms are single-celled algae encased in intricate silica shells. They are photosynthetic and form the base of many marine food webs. Pseudo-nitzschia is a genus of diatoms that, under certain environmental conditions, produces domoic acid — a potent neurotoxin that bioaccumulates in fish and shellfish and causes amnesic shellfish poisoning in humans and neurological damage in marine mammals and seabirds.

Unlike most diatoms, certain species of Pseudo-nitzschia respond to nutrient and temperature shifts by ramping up domoic acid production. Their blooms are often invisible to the naked eye but devastating in ecological effect.

Recent San Diego Bloom Events

In March 2025, SeaWorld San Diego reported rescuing over 20 sea lions and multiple seabirds suffering from domoic acid poisoning. Around the same time, eight dolphins were found dead along the coast, and the California Department of Public Health issued a shellfish consumption advisory for San Diego County due to elevated domoic acid levels.

Marine mammals displayed signs of severe neurological distress: disorientation, seizures, and beaching behavior. According to NOAA and UC researchers, these symptoms match those historically tied to Pseudo-nitzschia blooms.

“This is a classic domoic acid outbreak,” said one NOAA spokesperson. “We’re seeing it more often, and it’s arriving earlier in the year.”

The Climate Connection

The rise in toxic Pseudo-nitzschia blooms is not coincidental. It’s consistent with climate-driven changes in ocean conditions. Warmer sea surface temperatures, ocean stratification, and shifts in upwelling patterns all contribute to bloom frequency and toxicity.

Here’s how:

• Warming oceans favor Pseudo-nitzschia growth over other plankton.

• Stratified water columns allow surface diatoms to stay in nutrient-rich layers longer.

• Nutrient input from runoff adds nitrogen that some species convert into toxins.

• Ocean acidification may also increase domoic acid toxicity (still under study).

Multiple models suggest that Pseudo-nitzschia outbreaks will continue to increase in frequency and expand in geographic range as ocean conditions become more unstable.

Why This Matters

Domoic acid doesn’t just affect marine animals — it poses a threat to human health and fisheries. Shellfish closures disrupt coastal economies. Marine mammal strandings overwhelm rescue groups. Ecologically, these events alter predator-prey relationships and destabilize food webs.

And unlike “red tides” caused by dinoflagellates, Pseudo-nitzschia blooms are often colorless and difficult to detect until symptoms emerge in top predators.

Conclusion

The algae likely behind the 1961 bird incident — and many more events since — are no longer a mystery. Pseudo-nitzschia, once an obscure diatom genus, is now a marker of how climate change is reshaping marine ecosystems.

For scientists, educators, and the public, understanding and monitoring these algae is critical. At Algae Research and Supply, we remain committed to advancing knowledge and supporting solutions that connect algae science to global sustainability.

Sources Referenced:

• KPBS: Domoic acid poisoning surges in San Diego County

• NBC San Diego: CDPH shellfish warning issued

• NOAA Fisheries: Early bloom of toxic algae sickens marine mammals

At Algae Research and Supply (ARS), we explore practical applications for microalgae in science, industry, and education. One of our most promising research paths involves Porphyridium, a unicellular red algae known for producing complex extracellular compounds. These compounds: especially those present in its culture medium: have shown utility in topical applications.

This research led to the formation of Porphose, a new spin-off brand dedicated to developing skin-compatible products using Porphyridium Conditioned Media (PCM).

What is PCM (Porphyridium Conditioned Media)?

PCM is the aqueous solution collected from Porphyridium cultures following growth and bioaccumulation. It contains:

• Sulfated exopolysaccharides (s-EPSs): molecules with moisturizing, anti-inflammatory, and barrier-supporting properties

• Polysaccharides and peptides: shown in studies to support wound healing and tissue regeneration

These compounds are not extracted or synthesized: they are present in the media naturally during culture maintenance. The resulting solution is sterile-filtered and incorporated directly into formulations.

Current Products Using PCM

Porphose has launched with three formulations, each focused on minimalism, skin compatibility, and functionality:

1. Porphose Eczema Relief
A topical gel designed for contact dermatitis and eczema-related irritation.

• Fragrance-free: steroid-free

• Contains only essential ingredients

• Designed to reduce visible inflammation and improve skin hydration

2. Porphose Skin Shielding Mist
A hydrating facial spray formulated for barrier support and daily use.

• Designed to reduce environmental irritation

• Lightweight and compatible with cosmetic layering

• Useful for sensitive or redness-prone skin types

3. Offshore Salt Spray
A hair and scalp product combining marine salt with PCM.

• Intended for texture styling while avoiding fragrance sensitizers

• Supports scalp comfort in sensitive individuals

• Contains no synthetic polymers or alcohols

Scientific Foundation and Mission Alignment

The decision to spin off Porphose aligns with ARS’s broader goal: to develop algae-based tools that provide environmental and health benefits. Porphyridium has been the subject of numerous studies for its exopolysaccharide production, antioxidant content, and capacity for stress resilience. Porphose applies these findings to non-pharmaceutical skincare contexts.

All formulations are designed with sensitivity in mind and developed in accordance with ARS’s commitment to sustainability, minimal ingredient profiles, and carbon-conscious sourcing.

Learn More

Porphose products are available at porphose.com and on Amazon.
Educational culture kits for Porphyridium are available through ARS.

If you are an educator or researcher interested in Porphyridium cultures or want to explore how PCM is produced, please contact us directly.

If you're teaching AP Biology or Environmental Science, Porphyridium sp. is an ideal microalga to bring into your curriculum. Its vivid red color comes from β-phycoerythrin—a water-soluble pigment that helps it absorb green wavelengths of light, making it perfect for lessons on photosynthesis, pigment diversity, and ecological adaptation. This microalga thrives in a variety of conditions and is easy to culture in the classroom, giving students hands-on experience with microbial eukaryotes.

Porphyridium isn’t just visually engaging—it’s loaded with physiological teaching potential. Its cells produce sulfated exopolysaccharides (s-EPSs) that retain moisture, protect tissues, and upregulate key skin genes like aquaporin-3 and involucrin. In studies, these molecules support wound healing, improve skin elasticity, and protect against oxidative damage—linking gene expression and protein function directly to human biology. Its ability to stimulate immune pathways (including cytokines like IL-6 and TNF-α) makes it relevant to immunology, too.

For a classroom-ready lab, students can perform a water-soluble pigment extraction using the Porphyridium sp. Culture Kit from Algae Research and Supply. The kit includes live algae and growth media, allowing students to grow and harvest cells. They can then extract β-phycoerythrin using distilled water or buffer and analyze its absorbance spectrum using a spectrophotometer or a phone-based app. This ties in core concepts in spectroscopy, light absorption, and pigment biology, while also reinforcing hands-on lab skills.

What’s especially exciting is that this isn’t just an academic exercise—Porphyridium sp. is the key ingredient in our new Porphose skincare line, including Porphose Eczema Relief and Skin Shielding Mist. The same compounds students are analyzing in the lab are being used in cutting-edge skincare to hydrate, soothe, and protect sensitive skin. With Porphyridium sp., you’re not just growing algae—you’re growing connections between science, sustainability, and real-world biotechnology.

Are you culturing Nannochloropsis in your garage? Running a bubbling photobioreactor in your classroom? Experimenting with open ponds, LED rigs, or improvised CO₂ delivery?

We want to see it, and show you off!!!

Algae Research and Supply is launching a new interactive feature in our newsletter: “Show Me What You Got.” It's a spotlight on your real-world algae culture setups whether educational, experimental, or downright chaotic.

We're inviting our community to share:

• Photos of algae culture systems (DIY or lab-grade)

• Brief descriptions of how you're growing or using algae

• School projects by students or lessons from teachers

This is a chance to connect with other growers, hobbyists, teachers, and algae heads like you.

How to Submit

Send us your best photos and a few lines of text to hello@algaeresearchsupply.com with the subject line “Show Me What You Got.”

At Algae Research and Supply, we're constantly inspired by the creativity and curiosity of the students who use our products. One shining example is Rowan Suit, a high school researcher from Pope High School, who recently completed a groundbreaking project exploring how microplastics affect the growth and reproduction of Pisum sativum (pea plants). Her project was sparked by our Fake Fluorescent Food kit, which introduces students to the invisible world of microplastic contamination in a hands-on and visually stunning way.

 

Microplastics are no longer just a problem in the ocean — they’re showing up in our food, air, and soil. Educating students and the public about this invisible threat is more important than ever. We’re proud that our Fake Fluorescent Food kit helped Rowan ask big questions and find meaningful answers. Keep an eye out — we’ll be sharing images from her project soon to highlight the incredible science behind her story.

1. Nannochloropsis (Genus: Nannochloropsis, Division: Ochrophyta): Culture Description: Nannochloropsis appears as small spherical cells typically arranged in colonies or as single cells under microscopic observation. These cells often have a grass green coloration, attributed to their similarity to terrestrial plant pigments. 

2. Porphyridium (Genus: Porphyridium, Division: Rhodophyta): Culture Description: Porphyridium presents itself as red-pink microalgae visible under a microscope. These unicellular organisms often aggregate in colonies, displaying a characteristic reddish hue due to the presence of phycoerythrin pigments. Its antioxidant-rich nature makes it a valuable addition to enhance coral coloration and overall health.

3. Isochrysis (Genus: Isochrysis, Division: Haptophyta): Culture Description: Isochrysis cells appear as golden-brown, single-celled microalgae. Under a microscope, they exhibit distinct flagella, allowing them to move actively in the culture medium. Isochrysis's high DHA content, visible as golden-brown cells, makes it an ideal nutritional supplement for larval fish and beneficial for coral health.

4. Tetraselmis (Genus: Tetraselmis, Division: Chlorophyta): Culture Description: Tetraselmis is characterized by its green-colored, spindle-shaped cells, often observed as solitary cells or forming small colonies. These microalgae possess two flagella, contributing to their motility within the culture. Its high protein content and efficient nutrient uptake benefit coral growth and development.

5. Thalassiosira (Genus: Thalassiosira, Division: Bacillariophyta): Culture Description: Thalassiosira comprises single-celled diatoms with intricate silica shells, visible under a microscope as symmetrical, glass-like structures. These microalgae form chains or colonies and are known for their ability to efficiently absorb nitrates and phosphates, aiding in maintaining optimal water quality in the reef tank.

Introducing a combination of these microalgae species can significantly contribute to the nutritional needs, coloration, and overall health of corals within a reef tank environment. Careful monitoring and balanced supplementation of these microalgae can foster a vibrant and thriving coral ecosystem.

Introducing Porphose: Algae-Powered Skincare Coming Soon!

What is Porphose?

Porphose is formulated with Porphyridium algae, rich in polysaccharides (PCSPs)—sulfated compounds that naturally soothe, hydrate, and protect the skin. These polysaccharides create a moisture-locking layer on the skin while also delivering antioxidants and anti-inflammatory benefits. The seawater matrix in Porphose delivers essential minerals and nutrients to nourish your skin, helping it stay hydrated and rejuvenated.

A Natural Skincare Solution with Purpose

Porphose isn’t just about skincare—it’s about continuing our mission to use algae to improve the world. Every purchase of Porphose supports our algae education programs, bringing us closer to a future where algae is a powerful tool for climate health.

More Information Coming Soon!

We’ll have more information on production schedules and availability in the coming weeks. Stay tuned as we prepare to launch Porphose and share the amazing benefits of algae-based skincare with you.

Thank you for being part of this journey with us. Your support means the world to our mission and our planet.

Erol Altug, an A.P Biology teacher at the Stony Brook School in New York, Led his class in an experiment to determine the affect light has on algae growth. Using our Beaker Bag Algae Growing kits, the students set up two identical algae cultures. One was placed under fluorescent light that was on 24/7 while the other was placed high on a cabinet and only exposed to overhead lights when class was in session as well as whatever natural light was available in the classroom. After 9 months the Students had their answer. 

So what do you think, Does light affect growth? 

Check out their results below:

His class also performed an experiment on how Salinity affects Brine shrimp in our Brainy Briny Bags, check out their results here: